In the 1920s, archaeologists and geologists from across the world gathered at Zhoukoudian, where world-shaking archaeological finds were discovered in the Longgu Mountain.

Peking Man fossils were unfortunately lost in 1941 as World War II broke out in the Pacific. Fortunately, most of the value of the fossils are retained in papers, maps and photos, thanks to the unremitting efforts of scientists such as Bu Dasheng, Yang Zhongjian, De Rijin, Pei Wenzhong, Wei Dunrui and Jia Lanpo. They recorded the finds in detail in their books, made casts of the fossils and transported their duplicates overseas, took photos and drew maps. By the mid-20th century, Peking Man had become a household name across the world, and the Peking Man Site at Zhoukoudian had become a World Heritage site.